Sulfurization of reaction product of phosphorus pentasulfide and unsaturated acyclicketone



Patented Oct. 4, 1949 AT? OFFICE sULFURizATIoN F REACTION PRODUCT or PHOSPHORUS PENTASULFIDE AND UN- SATURATED ACY'CLIC KETON-E Ferdinand P. Otto, 'Woodbury, N. J and Ronald E. Meyer, Cumberland, Md, 'assignors to Socony-Vacuum Oil Company, Incorporated, a corporation of New York :No Drawing. Original applicationJuly 25, 1945,

Serial No. 607,090. Divided and this application November 15, 1946, Serial 'No. 710,230

- Claims. (Cl. 260125) This invention has to do with new reaction products which may be generally designated as phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction products obtained by reaction of an unsaturated ketone, phosphorus pentasulfide and elementary sulfur.

The present invention is predicated upon the discovery that the reaction products contempl-ated herein when blended with a viscous mineral oil fraction such as a hydrocarbon lubricatin'g oil, will improve various properties of the ,oil. For example, these reaction products will inhibit oxidation of the oil, thereby retarding the formation of sludge and acidic products. They also retard changes in viscosity in the oil, with temperature change during use.

It is to be'understood, however, that the present invention is not concerned with mineral oil compositions, such compositions forming the subject matter of our copending application,.Serial Number 493,863, filed July 8, 1943, now Patent No. 2,383,497, of which the present application is a continuation-in-part and to which reference is made for further details in the composition of these reaction products.

It is to be understood that the use of the reaction products of this invention is not confined to the improvement of mineral oil fractions. By way of illustration they may be used as cutting oils, rubber accelerators, extreme pressure lubricants and as intermediates in the production of other-.chernical compositions. Numerous-other uses and applications of these reaction products will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of their composition and typical methods for preparating them, as provided hereinafter.

The phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction products are stable, non-corrosive and are obtained by reacting substantially one mol of phosphorus pentasulfide with four mols of a sulfurized ketone at a temperature above about 100 C. and below the decomposition temperature of the reaction product, the sulfurized ketone having been obtained by sulfurizing an unsaturated ketone with elementary sulfur at a temperature above about 150 C. and below the decomposition temperature of the said .sulfurized ketone.

While all unsaturated ketones may be used herein, typical of which are didecenyl kctone, phorone, particularly preferred is dioleyl ketone which is also known in the art as diheptadecenyl lzetone. Contemplated for use also is a technical grade of diheptadecenyl ketone, commonly-known as"olecne.

We have found that the character of the reaction products -of this invention is influenced "to aflarge degree by the reaction temperature in the Pass reaction. For example, when the reaction of P255 and dioleyl ketone, or of P235 and the aforesaid sulfurized dioieyl ketone, "is carried .out at :a -=tern'perature in the neighborhood "of 140 (3., the reaction product has a relatively high neutralization number ('N. N.) ,whichis ameasure of its acidity; whereas, when the reaction temperature is maintained at about 200 0., the neutralization number of the reaction product .is rmuchzlovzer. sinrother words, a relatively high temperature of thenrderof 200 C-or more may be resorted to in order to -obta'in slightly acidic, or even neutral reaction :products. The phosphorus and sulfur :content of the reaction products of P285 and :dioleyl liretone and similarly of thereaction products 'ofPgsa and the aforesaid suliurized lcetone, obtained by varying the reaction temperature is not :so :eflected inasmuch as such reaction products .contaimphosphorusand sulfur chemically combined at substantially the same molar ratio as in PzSs.

Although the exact chemical --str.ucture .of the reaction products of this invention is not known at this time, our investigations have indicated that elementary sulfur most probably reacts at the olefin bonds of an unsaturated ketone and correspondingly at the olefin bonds of the unsaturated ketone-Pzss reaction products; and have also indicated that P255 most probably reacts at the carbonyl group of unsaturated ketones andat the same groupvof a sulfurized unsaturated ketone. This is indicatedby the substantial absence of an evolution of hydrogen sulfide during the reaction with*elementarya'sulfur and during the reaction with P235. It is also borne out by the fact that almost as much P285 combines chemically with the 'sulfurized ketone (unsaturated) as with :unsulfurized unsaturated diet-ones.

The reaction products of this invention are believed to be novel 'in that previous disclosures have shown that compounds containing sulfur, not phosphorus and sulfur, are formed in the reaction or" P255 certain ket'ones. More specifically, Spring in the Bull. Soc. 'Chirn. (France) 2, '40, '67, :'has disclosed that a dimer thioketone, CeHnSz, is obtained when acetone is warmed with 1 285; and Gatterman in the Ber. 28, .2877, has disclosed that thiobenzophenone is obtained when abenzophenone in benzene solution is heated'with P235 for severalhours'at C. in a-bomb.

The rsulfiurized .iretones :which .are reacted with Pass to form reaction :products contemplated herein are obtained by heating an unsaturated ketone with elementary sulfur at an elevated temperature, particularly at a temperature above about 150 C. Preferred of such sulfurized ketones are those obtained by treating an unsaturated ketone with from about 5 to about parts of elementary sulfur at a temperature from about 175 C. to about 200 C. The sulfurized ketones so obtained are stable and non-corrosive, and are then reacted with P285. action with P285 and certain sulfurized ketones may be carried out at temperatures above about C., it is preferred that the reaction temperatures used fall within the temperature range of C. to 200 C. In this reaction the molar ratio of sulfurized ketones to PzSs is 4:1. This reaction is carried out for a suificient time in order that the reaction product so obtained will be noncorrosive to a polished copper strip immersed in a 1 per cent blend of the reaction product in mineral oil for 3 hours at C.

Similarly, an unsaturated ketone may be reacted with P285 in a molar ratio of 4:1 at the aforesaid reaction temperatures above about 100 C. and the phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction products so obtained may then be reacted with elementary sulfur at an elevated temperature. In this regard, the amount of elementary sulfur used and the reaction temperature employed will be as indicated above.

Several modifications of the procedure described above may be resorted to for the obtainment of particularly desirable products. We have found that the use of a non-oxidizing or inert gas, such that the reaction mixture is under a non-oxidizing atmosphere, provides us with reaction products characterized by a high degree of stability. Inert gases, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., may be used for this purpose in both the P285 reaction and in the sulfurizing reaction. As another modification unreactive or substantially inert diluents such as acid treated kerosene may be used during these reactions, or may be admixed with the reaction products so obtained to aid in refining the same, and may be removed thereafter by a suitable means such as by distillation. For example, a mineral oil may be used as an inert diluent in order to obtain a mineral oil blend or concentrate of the desired reaction product.

The reaction products contemplated herein and the preparation thereof are illustrated by the following typical examples in which a particularly preferred ketone, oleone, is used:

EXAMPLE 1 REACTION PRODUCT or SULFURIZED OLEONE AND PzSs IN MINERAL OIL (a) Preparation of suljurized oleone Seventy-five grams of oleone, 8.5 grams of elementary sulfur and 150 grams of mineral oil diluent (Saybolt Universal viscosity of 67 seconds at 210 F.) are charged to a reaction vessel equipped with a mechanically-driven stirrer, an upright Liebig condenser, a thermometer and an inlet tube extending to within a few inches above the mixture. The atmosphere above the mixture is constantly swept with nitrogen gas (introduced through the aforesaid inlet tube) in order to maintain a non-oxidizing atmosphere above the mixture. The mixture is stirred and heated at C. for 3 hours and the reaction product so obtained is sulfurized oleone.

While the re- (b) Preparation of suljurized oleone-Pzss reaction product The reaction product obtained in (a) is allowed to cool to 140 C. and 9.0 grams of P285 are then added. The reaction mixture is stirred and heated at 140 C. for 2 hours and is then filtered through Hi-Flo on a steam heated Biichner funnel in order to remove any deleterious byproducts and any unreacted P285. The reaction product is a brown viscous oil containing 5.1 per cent sulfur and 0.67 per cent phosphorus and has a neutralization number (N. N.) of 14.5. This product is referred to hereinafter as product 1.

A three per cent blend of this sulfurized oleone- PzSs reaction product obtained in mineral oil, that is, a 1 per cent blend of this concentrate in mineral oil, caused only a slight tarnish or discoloration of a polished copper strip immersed in said blend for 3 hours at 150 C.

EXAMPLE 2 REACTION PRODUCT or OLEONE-P2s5 AND SULFUR IN MINERAL OIL (a) Preparation of oleone-PzSs reaction product Sixty-five grams of mineral oil diluent (Saybolt Universal viscosity of 67 seconds at 210 F., 60 grams of oleone and 6.6 grams of P285 were charged to a vessel equipped as described in Example 1 (a), and were stirred and heated at 200 C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then filtered through Hi-Flo on a steam heated Biichner funnel in order to remove any deleterious by-products and any unreacted P285.

(b) Preparation of oleone-PzSs and sulfur reaction products One hundred and thirty grams of the oleone- P2S5 reaction product obtained in (a), that is, a

" 1 :1 blend of the product in mineral oil, was heated with 6 grams of elementary sulfur at 170 C. for 2 hours. As the reaction product thus obtained was gelatinous, 130 grams of mineral oil were added thereto in order to obtain a fluid mixture.

' The final product, a 1:3 blend in mineral oil,

analyzed as follows: 0.51 per cent phosphorus, 3.94 per cent sulfur and 2.9 neutralization number. This product is identified hereinafter as product 2.

This application is a division of application Serial Number 607,090, filed July 25, 1945, now Pat. No. 2,459,090.

It is to be understood that although we have described certain typical procedures for preparing the reaction products contemplated herein and have shown illustrative reaction products, the invention is not limited to the particular procedures or products, but includes within its scope such changes and modifications as fairly come within the spirit of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A process for the preparation of a phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product which comprises sulfurizing an intermediate phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product with elementary sulfur at a temperature above about 150 C. and below the decomposition temperature of said first-mentioned reaction product, said intermediate reaction product being obtained by reacting substantially one mol of phosphorus pentasulfide with four mols of an unsaturated acylic ketone containing no substituents other than hydrogen at a temperature above about 100 C. and below the decomposition temperature of said intermediate reaction product.

2. A process for the preparation of a phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product which comprises sulfurizing an intermediate phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product with elementary sulfur at a temperature between about 150 C. and about 200 C., said intermediate reaction product being obtained by reacting substantially one mol of phosphorus pentasulfide with four mols of an unsaturated acyclic ketone containing no substituents other than hydrogen at a temperature between about 100 C. and about 209 C.

3. A process for the preparation of a phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product which comprises sulfurizing an intermediate phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction prodnot with from about 5 per cent to about per cent by weight of elementary sulfur at a temperature above about 150 C. and below the decomposition temperature of said first-mentioned reaction product, said intermediate reaction product being obtained by reacting substantially one mol of phosphorus pentasulfide with four mols of an unsaturated acyclic ketone containing no substituents other than hydrogen at a temperature above about C. and below the decomposition temperature of said intermediate reaction product.

4. A process for the preparation of a phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product which comprises sulfurizing an intermediate phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product with elementary sulfur at a temperature between about C. and about 200 C., said intermediate reaction produ-ct being obtained by reacting substantially one mol of phosphorus pentasulfide with four mols of dioleyl ketone at a temperature between about 100 C. and about 200 C.

5. A process for the preparation of a phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product which comprises sulfurizing an intermediate phosphorusand sulfur-containing reaction product with about 10 per cent by weight of elementary sulfur at about C., said intermediate reaction product being obtained by reacting substantially one mol of phosphorus pentasulfide with four mols of dioleyl ketone at about 200 C.

FERDINAND P. OTTO. RGNALD E. MEYER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,383,494 Moran et a1 Aug. 28, 1945 2,415,837 Musselman et a1. 'Feb. 18, 1947 

